SPRINGVALE FORMATION<\/p>\n
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\nAuthor of name GUPPY (R.J. L.) (1910). A collection of fossils from Springvale near Couva, Trinidad. Agric. Soc. Trinidad and Tobago, Soc. Paper 440, paged separately 1\u201415. Repr. Bull. Amer. Pal, vol. 8, no 35, 1921.
\nType locality: Springvale, Mt. Pleasant Quarry, three-fourths to one mile south of Milton (MANSFIELD, 1925, p. 7).
\nThickness: Up to 4 300 feet.<\/p>\n
References: WALL (G. P.) & SAWKINS (J. G.) (1860); GUPPY
\n(R.J. L.) (1911); GUPPY (R. J. L.) (1912); MAURY (C. J.) (1925a);
\nMANSFIELD (W. C.) (1925); WARING (G. A.) (1926); MAURY (C. J.)
\n(131); VOLKES (H.3.) (138); RENZ (H H.) (1942); RUTSCH (R)
\n(1942b); SUTER (H.H.) (1951); KUGLER (H.G.) (1953).<\/p>\n
The Springvale Formation is divided into three members :<\/strong> CHICKLAND CLAY MEMBER<\/strong><\/p>\n 1.CUNAPO SOUTHERN ROAD<\/p>\n SAVANNETTA GLAUCONITIC SANDSTONE MEMBER<\/strong>
\nChickland Clay Member<\/strong> (=Melajo Clay) – The Chickland Clay is an unctuous blue-grey clays, silts and sandy clays, thin glauconitic sand and lignitic sandy clay. There are occasional thin \u201cconglomerates\u201d made up of Oyster shells.
\nSavaneta Glauconite Sandstone Member<\/strong> – The Savanetta Glauconitic Sandstone ranges thickness I inn outcrop from10\u2019 –\u00a0 300′. It is a yellowish brown limonitic calcareous coquina of sandy aspect with broken shells and entire molluscs.
\nGransaull Clay Member<\/strong> – The Gransaul Clay is a monotonous sequence of generally fine grained sand, sandy clay and clays, with the clays being blue-grey, slightly calcareous and gypsiferous. There are occasional thin glauconitic sands rich in fossils.
\nThese members are certainly not recognisable in the Gulf of Paria wells.
\nThe Top Springvale is defined on the first drilled occurrence of Elphidium 15. Elphidium 1\/3 and pyritised molluscs and Ostracods are also characteristic of this fauna. 3D seismic suggests the Springvale Formation rests conformably on the Manzanilla Formation. It may, however, rest with angular conformity on the pre-Manzanilla surface.
\nIn\u00a0 the western side of the Gulf of Paria sands are fine grained , well sorted and sub-angular, accessory mineral include common rounded siderite grains and rare dark pyritic grains, glauconitic fecal pellets, shell fragments.
\nWhile to the eastern edge sands are firm, very fine grained, well sorted, silty, grey, thin lignite laminations, pyrite, shell fragments, non – very calcareous, dark \u2013 lt blue fluorescence, porosities range from 22.2 \u2013 28.6, perms 12.9 \u2013 195md. Claystones are pure, non-calcareous, medium grey, some whitish specks.
\nNorth of the North Marine Master Fault lithologies include sands that are white – light grey, tight, occasionally dirty, very fine grained \u2013 moderately Sand- loose, clear , translucent, , sub rounded \u2013 sub angular moderately \u2013 well sorted, moderately \u2013 well cemented, friable, occasionally free quartz, non-calcareous, carbonaceous, glauconite, trace limestone, hard, brown, white micro crystalline, trace silt, trace shell fragments. Claystones are light grey \u2013 green grey, soft occasionally soluble, non-calcareous, blocky \u2013 slightly fissile, pyrite nodules, occasional shell fragments. Shales are green \u2013 grey, non – very calcareous, soft \u2013 very firm, occasionally silty, trace pyrite, abundant shell fragments, gastropods and bivalves. Siltstones are light grey, poorly \u2013 moderately indurated, slightly \u2013 very carbonaceous, arenaceous \u2013 argillaceous, occasionally pyrites. (Gallai & Archie 2015)<\/p>\nOutcrop Localities<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\n1. FORRES PARK<\/a><\/p>\n