{"id":1245,"date":"2018-04-21T17:08:59","date_gmt":"2018-04-21T17:08:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/curtisarchie.com\/wpmocha\/?page_id=1245"},"modified":"2022-09-27T12:46:43","modified_gmt":"2022-09-27T12:46:43","slug":"manzanilla-formation","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/curtisarchie.com\/wpmocha\/?page_id=1245","title":{"rendered":"MANZANILLA Formation"},"content":{"rendered":"

MANZANILLA Formation. Pliocene – Upper Miocene<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

(Trinidad, B. W. I.).
\nAuthor of name: WARING (G.A.) (1926). The geology of the Island of Trinidad B. W. I. The John Hopkins Univ., studies in Geology no 7, p. 59
\nType locality Manzanilla Bay, east coast of Trinidad.
\nThickness About 4500 feet in onshore Trinidad. It extends from the Venezuelan border in the Gulp of Paria to at least Block 3a on the east coast of Trinidad.<\/p>\n

References: WALL (G.P.) & SAWKINS (J.G.) (1860); GUPPY (R.J. L.) (1866b); MAURY (C. J.) (l925a); MANSFIELD (W. C.) (1925); WARING (G. A.), (1926); RENZ (H. H.) (1942); RENZ (H. H.) (1948).<\/p>\n

The Manzanilla Formation has been subdivided into four Members according to Kugler:
\nThe Telemaque Sand Member
\nThe Montserrat Glauconitic Sandstone
\nThe San Jose Calcareous Silt
\nThe Los Atajos Silt and Conglomerate.<\/p>\n

From a biostratigraphic standpoint the\u00a0<\/span>Manzanilla s.l. is typified by the presence of Textularia 22, Anomalina 4 and Uvigerina 3 with associated Rotalia\/Elphidium.<\/p>\n

The upper and lower boundaries tend to be strong unconformities . in the Gulf of Paria\u00a0 the Telemaque Member\u00a0 rests with angular unconformity on the so called pre-Manzanilla surface.
\nIn this case it may rest on Nariva ,\u00a0 Brasso or Tamana .<\/p>\n

The San Jose Calcareous Silt<\/strong>
\nIt has been described as an inky blue unctuous calcareous claystone, in outcrop there are occasional conglomerates with clasts of northern range metamorphics. To date it has not been identified in any well in the Gulf of Paria.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/strong>Archie 2015<\/em><\/p>\n

Montserrat Glauconitic Sandstone<\/strong><\/p>\n

A bivalve and Gastropod rich sandstone with glauconite pellets. In outcrop this unit ranges from about 10′ – 300′. It is absent in the Gulf of Paria.<\/p>\n

\"\"Telemaque Member<\/strong><\/p>\n

It can be subdivided into two units a lower unit with thick sands and minor lignites and an\u00a0 upper unit containing thin coarsening upward sands and thicker lignites.\u00a0Telemaque faunas are typified by floods of Miliolid 6 with levels of Rotalia and Elphidium.<\/p>\n

In the Gulf of Paria between the Warm Springs and\u00a0 North Marine Master Fault, thin limestones are found in the lower part of the Telemaque. These limestones are, white \u2013 grey, moderately hard \u2013 hard, micro crystalline, very argillaceous, dense, silty or conglomeratic, white, black, spotty, massive, medium \u2013 coarse grained, well consolidated, generally homogeneous, sample consists of limestone fragments, silts and lignites. Sands are sand clear , loose very fine grained, sub rounded \u2013 sub angular, light grey, very fine grained- fine, friable, moderately \u2013 poorly consolidated, very calcareous \u2013 non calcareous, carbonaceous \u2013 glauconitic, pyrite, loose fossils. Porosity ranges from 17.6 \u2013 26%. Claystones are dark grey \u2013 grey, firm \u2013 very firm-moderately hard, blocky moderately fissile, non \u2013 moderately silty, slight \u2013 non carbonaceous, slightly calcareous. Lignite black hard, dense, blocky shiny, anthracitic lustre. anhydrite, cream, white, hard, granular, pyritic. Fossil fragments highly fragmented unrecognizable, pearly lustre, bivalves
\nSouth of the North Marine Master Fault\u00a0 to the Los Bajos Fault\u00a0 ,sands from west to east are are very fine grained, silty, dirty with shale inclusions, non calcareous, porosity ranges from 31.3% -36.1%, perms 350 \u2013 1550md, abundant glauconite and reworked Nariva fauna are present. firm – soft, very fine grained, with shale & lignite inclusions, non calcareous, accessories muscovite and carbonaceous material , porosity ranges from 24.8 -35.9, perms 37 \u2013 1480md. Shale \u2013 silty, non calcareous, olive grey, rare muscovite and forams (Gallai & Archie 2015)<\/p>\n

\"\"Archie 2017<\/em><\/p>\n

Archie, Curtis, 2006, FIELD TRIP GUIDE THE SAN JOSE CALCAREOUS SILT MEMBER OF THE MANZANILLA FORMATION, MANZANILLA BAY<\/a><\/p>\n

Gallai, N & Archie, C., 2015, Stratigraphic units in the North Marine area: how are they defined and what is the nature of the contacts between them? Abstracts 20th Caribbean Geological Conference.<\/a><\/p>\n

S. Gazalie, C. Lakhan and C. Archie, 2016, Recent Advances in the Understanding of Northern Basin Stratigraphy, Gulf of Paria: Integrating Biostratigraphic and Palynological Analysis, AAPG 2016 International Conference and Exhibition<\/a><\/p>\n

OUTCROP LOCALITIES<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Telemaque Member<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    \n
  1. \n

    Brasso Gorge<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n

    Forres Park<\/a><\/b><\/i><\/u><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n

    Forres Park Dump<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n

    Cunapo Southern Road<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
  5. \n

    Gran Couva Road<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
  6. \n

    Point Paloma<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
  7. \n

    Spring Village<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
  8. \n

    Brasso – Caparo Road<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Monsterrat Glauconitic sandstone<\/strong><\/h2>\n
      \n
    1. \n

      Corosal Road<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n

      Macualay<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      San Jose Calcareous Silt<\/strong><\/h2>\n
        \n
      1. \n

        North Manzanilla Bay<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        MANZANILLA Formation. Pliocene – Upper Miocene (Trinidad, B. W. I.). Author of name: WARING (G.A.) (1926). The geology of the Island of Trinidad B. W. I. The John Hopkins Univ., studies in Geology no 7, p. 59 Type locality Manzanilla Bay, east coast of Trinidad. Thickness About 4500 feet in onshore Trinidad. It extends from […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":577,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-templates\/full-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/curtisarchie.com\/wpmocha\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1245"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/curtisarchie.com\/wpmocha\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/curtisarchie.com\/wpmocha\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/curtisarchie.com\/wpmocha\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/curtisarchie.com\/wpmocha\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1245"}],"version-history":[{"count":25,"href":"http:\/\/curtisarchie.com\/wpmocha\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1245\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4706,"href":"http:\/\/curtisarchie.com\/wpmocha\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1245\/revisions\/4706"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/curtisarchie.com\/wpmocha\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/577"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/curtisarchie.com\/wpmocha\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1245"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}